Trading Library

The definition of CFD trading is: CFD stands for Contracts For Difference. A CFD is an agreement to exchange the difference between the entry and exit price of the contract. Usually there is no expiry date, or no limit to the value of the exchange and no restriction is you are buying first or selling first. However, these conditions change for each CFD provider and look into your terms and conditions.

When your free equity falls below zero in your account, a margin call will be enacted against you. You will be contacted by your CFD provider to advise you on depositing more money into your trading account or to reduce your positions. You can choose to add some funds to your account from your bank account or credit card. Alternatively you can exit some positions to free the equity required in your account.

The variation margin and the concept of marked to market is more important than your CFD margin requirements. The variation margin is your daily profit or loss on a CFD trading position. At the end of each day (the time varies depending on the broker, some defines their end of day as GMT 00.00) any profit gain is credited to your trading account or any losses is deducted from your trading account. The term "Free equity" is used to define your absolutely free cash in your trading account after your margin requirements is taken into account.

When you trade CFDs, traders have CFD margin requirements to maintain. The CFD margin is like a deposit, kind of like a deposit for a house mortgage. The margin requirement is used to protect the CFD provider if they need to exit the trader’s position. Initial margin requirements varies from stock to stock, usually starts at 3% for blue chip companies and then varies all the way to 80% for unknown rarely traded company stock. However for currencies (forex trading), the margin requirement is as low as 1% (or 1 to 100).

You are liable for finance charges when you trade CFDs are you are fundamentally borrowing money. However, there is no interest charge on positions which you close on the same day you enter the trade. Interest will be charged or credited if you hold a position overnight. The finance charges are typically based on the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) rate plus or minus a margin of about 2 to 3 percent. So if you are holding a CFD for an Australian stock, you will pay interest when you hold a long position.

Direct Market Access CFDs offer identical prices and liquidity to the underlying sharemarket price for the stock. Direct Market Access CFD trading has each CFD order placed as an actual buy or sell order ticket on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) – an order which appears on the trade queue and follows typical stock trading rules.

Market Maker CFDs offer a mirror of prices to the underlying sharemarket price for the stock (with some CFD providers guaranteeing market prices) but there is no obligation for the broker to follow the exact bid and offer exchange in your CFD trade, therefore the CFD provider ultimately has control over the trade entry and exit for the client. By trading your CFD with the CFD provider, your contract is only between you and your provider and it is their choice whether or not they will hedge the exposure of your trade on the market.

You can read more Trading and Investment definitions here.

ALL ORDINARIES (ALL ORDS) – Measures the level of share prices at any given time for a sample of major companies listed on ASX to determine the overall performance of the sharemarket. Stock exchanges in other countries have similar indices, eg. Dow Jones Industrial Average (New York), FTSE (London) and Nikkei Dow (Tokyo).

You are probably wondering what are shares? A share is simply part ownership of a business. If you invest in shares, stocks, securities or equities – as they are sometimes called – you are buying part ownership of the company’s business and become a shareholder in that particular company

Obviously you then have a vested interest in the fortunes of that company and hope the business will grow and prosper, together with your equity in its future. If it does then you may get to share in its profits. These profits are paid out in dividends and are your reward for investing with the company.

The ASX Top 100 companies reporting season timetable occurs within about two months after the conclusion of half yearly and annual reports. So you’ll find many companies reporting their profits and losses annually around July/August and January/February. Where can you find out when a company will report their half yearly results? You can do so via press releases on their website or on the ASX website or via Australian Financial Review.

Many people dabble in stocks nowadays, whether it be investing or online share trading, you are in it for the money. The difference is in how the money is made: an investors' goal is for capital growth in the long term and an income from dividends while a share trader looks at making money purely from capital growth, typically in the short term.

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